-2024届高三英语二轮语法复习定语从句 课件(共35张PPT)
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定语从句
形容词作定语，置于被修饰名词之前 The woman is a famous dancer.
从句作定语，置于被修饰名词之后 The woman who lives next door is a famous dancer.
定语从句组成：先行词+关系词+从句
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的对象
关系词：
代词的作用：重复指代先行词并在从句中充当某一成分。
连接作用：连接主句和从句
This is the museum which was built last year.
引导词之关系代词
{E4CAE26B-629A-43A1-97DF-71F7C32628CB}分类
关系词
指代对象
在从句中的作用
关系代词
that
人或物
主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略）、表语
which
物
主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略）、表语
who
人
主语、宾语
whom
人
宾语、表语
whose
人或物
定语
as
人或物
主语、宾语、表语
限制性定语从句：
和先行词关系密切
不用逗号和主句分开
可用关系词that 引导
可省略关系词（that，who,which在从句中充当宾语可以省略）
只可修饰先行词，翻译成...的
I don’t like people who are never on time.
非限制性定语从句：
和先行词关系比较松散（补充说明）
用逗号将主句和从句隔开
不用关系代词that或者关系副词why来引导
关系词作宾语时不可省略
可引导整个主句或者主句的一部分
不翻译成“...的”
His daughter ,who is in Boston,is coming here.
His daughter who is in Boston is coming here.
Peter drove too fast,which was dangerous.
用that不用which的情况
当先行词是all、little、much、few、anything、nothing等不定代词或者被all、little、few、every等修饰时
先行词前有形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时
先行词前有the last、the only、the very、the right、the same等词修饰时
当主句是以which开头的疑问句时
当先行词既有人又有物时
当先行词在主句中作表语，并且关系词在从句中也做作语时
避免重复
用which不用that的情况
在非限制性定语从句中
与介词搭配使用时
The boys are playing football are from class one.
This is the pen he bought yesterdy.
I can’t recognize the person I met five years ago.
I’d like the room window faces the sea.
This is the scientist achievements are remarkable.
He did everything he could to help us.
who/that
that/which
who/whom/that
whose
whose
that
This is the most interesting film I’v ever seen.
The only thing we can do is to give you some practical advice.
Which is the bike you lost?
Later they talked of things and persons they remembered in the school.
China is no longer the country it used to be.
The business man built up a small factory, produced things that were suitable for children.
that
that
that
that
that
that
as引导限制性定语从句时，主要用于the same ...as...,such...as...,so...as...结构。
We have found such materials as are used in thier factory.
He is not the same man as he was.
It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read
As 引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词是整个主句时，常翻译为“正如，正像”
As every body knows,Shakespeare is a famous writer.
She is patient,as is shown in her work.
引导词之关系副词
{8F333011-3875-4737-844B-84BD83596CC1}分类
先行词
关系词
指代对象
在从句中的作用
等同于“介词+关系代词”
关系副词
表示理由的名词：”reason”
why
原因
原因状语
=for which
表示时间的名词”time“”day””year”等
when
时间
时间状语
=in/on/at/during which
表示地点的名词“place”“country”“house”等
where
地点
地点状语
=in/on/at which
We don’t know the reason he didn’t attend the meeting.
We don’t know the reason he didn’t attend the meeting.
I will cherish the moment I meet Lisa.
I will cherish the moment I meet Lisa.
There is a shop around we can get fruit.
There is a shop around we can get fruit.
why
for which
when
at which
where
in which
1．Do you know the place he borrowed the book?
句意：你知道他借书的地方吗？分析句子，he borrowed the book做定语从句修饰先行词the place，而从句中缺乏地点状语，故用关系副词where。
2．He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.
句意：他讨论了他拜访过的老师和参观过的学校。分析句子，he had visited做定语从句修饰先行词the teachers and schools，而从句中缺乏宾语，又因为先行词中就有人，又有物，故用关系代词that。
3．Some of the roads were flooded, made our journey more difficult.
句意：一些道路被洪水淹没了，这让我们的行程更艰难了。分析句子，made our journey more difficult.为非限制性定语从句补充说明前面这个主句，而从句中缺乏主语，故用关系关系代词which。
4．The novel you’re interested was written by Mark Twain.
句意：你感兴趣的那本小说的作者是马克·吐温。分析句子，you’re interested做定语从句修饰先行词the novel，而从句中为短语be interested in ，故用介词+关系代词in which。
5． is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
句意：通常是这样，我们已经制定出生产计划。分析句子，此处为固定结构as is often the case通常是这样，as引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面这个主句。
例句
6．Hangzhou is a beautiful city, is often called the Heaven of the Earth.
句意：杭州是个美丽的城市，因而被叫做地上天堂。分析句子，is often called the Heaven of the Earth.做非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the city，而从句中缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。
7．Yesterday I met an old friend, had a gift of music when he was young.
句意：昨天我偶遇一个老朋友，他年轻时候很有音乐天赋。分析句子，had a gift of music when he was young.做非限制性定语从句修饰先行词an old friend，而从句中缺乏主语，故用关系代词who。
8．I will never forget those three years, during time I learned a lot about life.
句意：我将永远不会忘记这三年，在这三年里我对人生有了更多的感悟。分析句子，during____________ time I learned a lot about life做非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the three years，而从句中修饰time，故用关系代词which。
9． is reported, Chinese team won the final.
句意：正如报道那样，中国队在决赛中获胜了。分析句子，is reported作非限制性定语从句补充说明主句，而本句主句在后，从句在前，因此只能用关系代词as。
10．I bought all the food in the shop, much of was given out to the poor.
句意：我买了商店里所有的食物，把它们分给了穷人们。分析句子，much of_______________ was given out to the poor作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句中of后接名词，故用关系代词which。
11．I never forget this summer vacation, I spent the happy days with my friends.
句意：我永远不会忘记这个暑假，我和朋友们在这个暑假里玩的很开心。分析句子，I spent the happy days with my friends作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词this summer vacation，而从句中缺乏时间状语，故用关系副词when。
12．He is talking about the great woman, films have been on in many cities.
句意：他正谈论一位伟大的女性，这位女性拍的电影在很多城市上映过。分析句子，films have been on in many cities.作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the great woman，从句中缺乏修饰films的定语，故用关系代词whose，相当于of whom。
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