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一、Follow the example to write out the words.
(2024八上·上海市月考) Follow the example to write out the words.
帮助 assist v.
1.申请,应用
2.行为,举止
3.接触,联系
4.难忘的
5.紧急情况、突发事件
6.方向、趋势
7.使. . . . . . . 丰富
8.票价、费用
9.印象
10.不利、劣势
11.为难的、尴尬的
12.不幸地、遗憾地
13.顽皮的
14.被卡住的
15.幸存下来,存活
【答案】1.apply;v.
2.behavior;n
3.contact;n. /v
4.unforgettable;adj
5.emergency;n
6.direction;n
7.enrich;v
8.fare;n
9.impression;n
10.disadvantage;n
11.embarrassed;adj.
12.unfortunately;adv
13.naughty;adj.
14.stuck;adj
15.survive;v
【知识点】汉译英;可数名词;程度副词;简单形容词;及物动词
【解析】【点评】考查词汇翻译。注意按词性、主题、相似音等进行分类,使之条理化、系统化,就容易巩固和记忆。例如,按颜色、学习用品、交通工具、食品、生活用品等种类归纳,还可以按科目名称、时间、数字、季节、动植物、职业名称、场所地点名称图名等归纳分类。
1.申请,应用,实义动词apply,表示将某种方法、理论、原则等应用于实际情况中。 apply是一个及物动词,其后需要接宾语。 宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或不定式等。 示例:apply a new technique to the problem(将新技术应用于问题)。 apply常与介词to搭配使用,形成固定短语。 如:apply sth. to sth./sb.(把某物敷/涂在另一物/某人上)、apply to sb. for sth.(向某人申请某事),动词词性缩写v.。 故填答案为:apply;v.。
2.行为、举止,可数名词behavior,可数名词,表示具体行为或习惯: "behavior"可以采用复数形式"behaviors",以表示多种不同的具体行为。 示例:The psychologist observed several unusual behaviors in the patient.(心理学家在患者身上观察到了几种不寻常的行为。)名词词性缩写n.。 故答案为:behavior;n.。
3.接触、联系,不可数名词/动词contact。 contact作为不可数名词时,主要表示"接触"或"联络"的意思。它描述的是两种事物或人之间的相互作用或联系。 常见搭配: be in contact with sb./sth.:与某人/某物保持联系或接触。 lose contact with sb./sth.:与某人/某物失去联系或接触。 contact作为动词时,表示"联系"或"与……交往"的意思。它强调主动与某人或某物建立联系或进行交往。 contact可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后面需要接名词或代词作宾语。例如:The doctor contacted me this morning to tell me the results of my tests.(医生今天早上联系我,告诉了我检查结果。) 用作不及物动词时,通常与介词with连用,表示与某人或某物保持联系或接触。例如:I will keep in contact with you.(我会与你保持联系。)动词词性缩写v., 名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:contact,n./v.。
4.难忘的,形容词unforgettable。"unforgettable"作为形容词,通常用于修饰名词,强调某事物或经历的难忘性。例如:an unforgettable experience:一次难忘的经历;an unforgettable day:难忘的一天;an unforgettable moment:难忘的时刻。 同义词:与"unforgettable"意思相近的词汇有"memorable"(值得记忆的)、"indelible"(不可磨灭的)、"unerasable"(不可消除的)等。这些词汇在表达"难忘"这一概念时,各有侧重,但都传达了"难以忘记"的核心意义。 与"unforgettable"相对的反义词是"forgettable"(可忘记的,易忘的)。这个反义词在表达上与"unforgettable"形成鲜明对比,用于描述那些容易被忽视或遗忘的事物或经历。 形容词词性缩写adj.。故答案为:unforgettable,adj.。
5.紧急情况、突发事件,不可数名词emergency。 "emergency"作为不可数名词时,常与一些介词或动词短语搭配使用,以表达更具体的含义。例如: in an emergency:在紧急情况下;declare a state of emergency:宣布进入紧急状态 。名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:emergency,n.。
6.方向、趋势,可数名词direction, "direction"作为可数名词时,其基本含义是"方向"或"方位",指物体或人移动或指向的具体位置或路径。它既可以表示物理空间中的东、南、西、北等具体方向,也可以引申为抽象的概念,如事业的发展方向、政策的导向等。常见搭配: in the direction of:表示"朝着……的方向"或"在……的方向上"。例如: The car is moving in the direction of the city center.(汽车正朝着市中心的方向行驶。) in the right/wrong/opposite direction:表示"朝着正确的/错误的/相反的方向"。例如: You're going in the wrong direction; the station is that way.(你走错方向了,车站在那边。) 。名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:direction,n.。
7.使......丰富,实义动词enrich。 "enrich"作为实义动词,其基本含义是"使丰富;使充实"。它既可以用于物质层面的丰富,如增加土壤肥力、提高生活质量等;也可以用于精神或知识层面的充实,如丰富知识、提升文化素养等。 enrich oneself:充实自我;发家致富。这一搭配强调个人通过努力或学习使自己变得更加充实或富有。例如: He spent his youth enriching himself with knowledge and experience.(他用青春年华充实自己的知识和经验。) enrich sth (with sth):向某物添加某物以使其更丰富。这一搭配常用于描述通过添加新元素或内容来使某物更加充实或完善。例如: The company enriched its product line with new and innovative products.(公司通过推出新产品和创新产品来丰富其产品线。) 动词词性缩写v.。故答案为:enrich,v.。
8.票价、费用,可数名词fare。 指乘坐公共交通工具(如火车、公交车、出租车、飞机等)所需支付的费用。例如,train fare(火车票)、bus fare(汽车票)、taxi fare/cab fare(打的费)、air fare(飞机票)。 指乘坐出租车的人。例如,The taxi driver picked up a fare at the taxi office.(出租车司机在租车中心接了一位乘客。)名词词性缩写n.。 故答案为:fare,n.。
9.印象,可数名词impression。 "impression"作为可数名词,其基本含义是"印象",指人们对某事物或某人的主观感知和看法。它可以是正面的,也可以是负面的,或者是中性的。 常见搭配: impressions about/of:关于……的印象。用于描述对某人或某事的看法或感受。例如: I have very favorable impressions of him.(我对他印象很好。) She gave me a lasting impression of kindness.(她给我留下了永久的善良印象。)leave/make an impression on sb.:给某人留下印象。用于描述某人或某事给另一个人留下了深刻的印象。例如:His speech left a deep impression on the audience.(他的演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。)名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:impression,n.。
10.不利、劣势,可数名词disadvantage。 "disadvantage"作为可数名词,其基本含义是"不利条件"或"劣势"。它指的是某种对某人或某物不利的情况、状态或因素,通常与优势(advantage)形成对比。 常见搭配及短语: at a disadvantage:处于不利地位。这个短语用于描述某人或某物在竞争、谈判或比赛中因某种原因而处于劣势的情况。例如: He started the race at a disadvantage because he didn't have proper training.(他因为没有进行适当的训练而在比赛中处于不利地位。) to one's disadvantage:对某人不利。这个短语表示某种情况或条件对某人不利,使其处于不利的境地。它强调了不利影响是针对特定个体的。例如: Her lack of experience was to her disadvantage in the job interview.(她在面试中缺乏经验,这对她不利。) 名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:disadvantage,n.。
11.为难的、尴尬的,形容词embarrassed。 "Embarrassed"的基本含义是"尴尬的;窘迫的;为难的"。它通常用来形容一个人在社交场合中因为某种原因(如说错话、做错事、被他人嘲笑或误解等)而感到不自在和难为情。 常见搭配及短语: feel embarrassed:感到尴尬。这是"embarrassed"最常见的用法之一,用于描述一个人因为某种原因而感到不自在。 be embarrassed about/at:对……感到尴尬。这个短语用于指出导致某人感到尴尬的具体原因或情境。 形容词词性缩写adj.。故答案为:embarrassed,adj.。
12.不幸地、遗憾地,副词unfortunately。 "Unfortunately"的基本含义是"不幸地;遗憾地;可惜地"。它通常用于引导一个不幸的、不如意的事实或情况,表示说话者对这种情况的遗憾或不满。 句首使用:将"unfortunately"放在句首,可以强调整个句子的不幸性质。例如: Unfortunately, I have to cancel our meeting tomorrow.(不幸的是,我不得不取消我们明天的会议。) 句中修饰:将"unfortunately"放在动词前或形容词前,可以修饰整个谓语部分或形容词所描述的状态。例如: He unfortunately lost his job last month.(他上个月不幸地失去了工作。) 句尾补充:虽然不如句首和句中常见,但有时也将"unfortunately"放在句尾作为补充,强调不幸的结果。例如: The train was late, unfortunately.(火车晚点了,不幸的是。) 副词词性缩写adv.。故答案为:unfortunately,adv.。
13.顽皮的,形容词naughty。 "Naughty"的基本含义是"淘气的;顽皮的;不听话的"。它通常用来形容孩子或年轻人表现出的顽皮行为,有时也用于形容宠物或其他动物做出的调皮举动。 常见搭配与短语: be naughty:表现淘气。这是"naughty"最常见的用法之一,用于描述一个人或动物的行为。 naughty child/kid:淘气的孩子。这个短语常用于形容孩子的顽皮行为。 程度修饰:"naughty"可以与程度副词(如very、extremely、a little等)搭配使用,以表达不同程度的淘气程度。例如: She was a very naughty child.(她是一个非常淘气的孩子。)形容词词性缩写adj. 。故答案为:naughty,adj.。
14.被卡住的,形容词stuck。 "Stuck"的基本含义是"卡住的;陷住的;动不了的"。它通常用于描述物体因为某种原因(如被卡住、陷入泥泞、被阻挡等)而无法移动或无法从某个位置或状态中摆脱出来。 常见搭配与短语: get stuck:被困住;被卡住。这是"stuck"最常见的短语形式,用于描述某人或某物因为某种原因而无法移动。 be stuck in:陷入(困境、交通堵塞等)。这个短语用于描述某人或某物因为某种原因而处于某种不利的境地或状态。 The car gets completely stuck in the mud.(汽车完全陷在泥里了。)形容词词性缩写adj. 。 故答案为:stuck,adj.。
15.幸存下来、存活,实义动词survive。 "Survive"的基本含义是"幸存;活下来",它通常用于描述在困难、挑战或危险的环境中,个体或事物能够继续存活或存在的状态。 幸存;幸免于难: 示例:She survived the accident.(她在事故中幸存下来。) 比(某人)活得更长;比(某人)长寿: 示例:He survived his wife by ten years.(他比妻子多活了十年。) 搭配:"survive sb. by +时间段" 。动词词性缩写v.。故答案为:survive,v.。
二、Write out the phrases according to the Chinese given.
(2024八上·上海市月考) Write out the phrases according to the Chinese given.
16.首先、毕竟
17.代表
18.照顾、喜欢
19.取代
20.参加、从事于
21.屏住呼吸
22.赞成
23.延期
24.一路上
25.结果是、证明是
【答案】16.above all
17.stand for
18.care for
19.take the place of
20.go in for
21.hold one's breath
22.in favor of
23.put off
24.all the way
25.turn out
【知识点】汉译英;固定搭配
【解析】【点评】考查词汇翻译。注意遇到生词时,多读几遍生词所在的句子,背诵精彩的例句,用句子记住单词。
16.首先、毕竟,介词短语above all。 "above"作为介词,表示"在……之上"。 "all"则指代所有相关的事物或因素。 两者结合,构成了强调某一事物重要性的介词短语。 置于句首时,能够迅速吸引听众或读者的注意力,直接点明接下来要讨论的内容是重中之重。例如:"Above all, we must ensure the safety of our employees."(首先,我们必须确保员工的安全。) 置于句尾时,允许作者先构建背景或列出多个事项,然后再强调其中一项的重要性。例如:"When planning a trip, choosing the right destination is crucial, above all."(在规划旅行时,选择正确的目的地至关重要。) 故答案为:above all。
17.代表,固定搭配stand for。 用于解释某个单词、缩写、符号或标志的含义。例如,"USA stands for the United States of America."(美国这一缩写代表的含义是美利坚合众国。)"What does ‘UN' stand for "('UN'代表什么?) 用于表达对某种观点、原则、立场、信念或价值观的支持。例如,"I stand for equality and justice."(我支持平等和正义。)"The candidate stands for lower taxes and more jobs."(候选人支持减税和增加就业机会。) 故答案为:stand for。
18.照顾、喜欢,固定搭配care for。 用于描述对某人或某物的保护和照顾,确保他们的健康和幸福。例如,"She cares for her elderly mother."(她照顾她年迈的母亲。)或"The nurse cares for the patients in the hospital."(护士照料医院里的病人。) 在特定语境下,表示对某事物的喜好或偏好。通常用于疑问句或否定句中。例如,"I don't care for spicy food."(我不喜欢辣的食物。)或"Would you care for a cup of tea "(你想喝杯茶吗?) 用于表达对某人或某事的关注和在意。例如,"I care for your opinion."(我关心你的意见。)或"He doesn't care for his appearance."(他不关心自己的外貌。) 故答案为:care for。
19.取代,固定搭配take the place of。 描述某一物品或设备被另一物品或设备所取代。例如,"Plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials."(塑料已取代了许多传统材料。) 描述某人或某角色被另一人或另一角色所取代。例如,"He decided at the last minute to take the place of me and attend the meeting."(他在最后一刻决定代替我去参加会议。) 描述某一观念、政策或想法被另一观念、政策或想法所取代。例如,"The new policy will gradually take the place of the old one."(新政策将逐渐取代旧政策。) 故答案为:take place of。
20.参加、从事于,固定搭配go in for。用于描述个人参与某项活动、比赛或工作等。例如:"He's going in for the marathon next month."(他下个月要参加马拉松比赛。)又如:"After years of teaching, he decided to go in for law."(多年教学后,他决定从事法律工作。强调对某事物或某活动的热爱与积极参与。例如:"She really goes in for painting."(她非常喜欢并积极参与绘画活动。)又如:"Not all the students go in for table tennis."(不是所有的学生都爱打乒乓球。)故答案为:go in for。
21.屏住呼吸,固定搭配hold one's breath。 "hold one's breath"中的"hold"意为"保持、握住",而"one's breath"则指某人的呼吸。整个短语合起来,就表示某人因为紧张、期待、惊讶或进行某种需要暂停呼吸的活动(如潜水、游泳等)而暂时停止呼吸的状态。 当某人处于紧张或期待的状态时,可能会不自觉地屏住呼吸。例如,"She held her breath as she waited for the results of her exam."(她等待考试成绩时屏住了呼吸。)这句话就生动地描绘了她在等待结果时的紧张心情。 在某些活动中,如潜水、游泳等,人们需要暂时停止呼吸。这时,"hold one's breath"就可以用来描述这种状态。例如,"When the diver went underwater, he held his breath for a long time."(当潜水员潜入水下时,他屏住呼吸很长时间。) 故答案为:hold one's breath。
22.赞成,介词短语in favor of。 "in favor of"的基本含义是"支持"或"赞同",通常用于表达某人对某人、某事或某观点持积极态度。 例句:Most people are in favor of the new policy.(大多数人支持这项新政策。) 在法律语境中,"in favor of"常翻译为"以某人为受益人"或"有利于某人"。 例句:The will was in favor of his youngest son.(遗嘱是以他最小的儿子为受益人的。) 故答案为:in favor of。
23.延期,固定搭配put off。 "put off"最常见的含义是推迟或延期某事。它后面可以跟名词、动名词(即动词的-ing形式)或介词短语来表示推迟的具体内容或时间。 例如:"They had to put off the meeting until next week."(他们不得不把会议推迟到下周。) "put off"也可以表示拖延或耽搁某事。这通常指某人故意或无意地推迟某项任务或活动的完成时间。 例如:"Stop putting off doing your homework and start working on it right away."(别再拖延做作业了,马上开始做。) 故答案为:put off。
24.一路上,固定搭配all the way。 "all the way"在描述旅程或行进过程时,常用来表示从起点到终点的整个过程中。 例如:"I enjoyed the scenery all the way."(我一路上都很享受风景。) 注意"all the way"与其他词汇的搭配,以形成固定的短语搭配,如"all the way through"、"all the way down"等。 故答案为:all the way。
25.结果是、证明是,固定搭配turn out。"turn out"的基本含义是"结果是"或"证明是",通常用于描述某件事情的最终结果或情况,这个结果可能是出乎意料的,也可能是已知的。固定搭配及用法:turn out to be, 用法:后面接形容词、名词或不定式短语,表示某事物最终的性质、状态或结果。 例句:The weather turned out to be sunny.(天气结果是晴朗的。) She turned out to be a talented artist.(她原来是个有才华的艺术家。) 故答案为:turn out。
三、Choose the best answer.
26.(2024八上·上海市月考) Do you know who has won the first prize at ____ 100-metre race at the recent World Championship
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】C
【知识点】表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意:你知道谁在最近的世界锦标赛上获得了100米赛跑的一等奖吗?a/an表示数量是一,第一次出现,泛指,以元音音素开头的用an,以辅音音素开头的用a;the表示特指,第二次及其以上出现。at the recent World Championship做前面名词prize的定语,表示特指,所以用the,故选C。
【点评】考查冠词辨析,首先识记a/an/the区别,然后根据关键词句at the recent World Championship确定冠词。
27.(2024八上·上海市月考) ____ important news is to everybody in the modern world!
A.How B.How an C.What D.What an
【答案】A
【知识点】what引导的感叹句;how引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】句意:新闻对现代世界的每个人来说都是多么重要啊!what引导的感叹句结构是What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!how引导的感叹句结构是How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!is是谓语;news是主语;important重要的,是形容词;所以用how引导,故选A。
【点评】考查how和what引导的感叹句,注意平时识记其结构,根据关键词确定引导词。
28.(2024八上·上海市月考) The boys of Grade Nine were seen ____ basketball at the court this time yesterday.
A.play B.to play C.playing D.played
【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:昨天这个时候,有人看到九年级的男生在球场上打篮球。play打,实义动词,过去式是played,不定式是to play,动词ing是playing。be seen to do sth.被看见做某事,指的是全过程;be seen doing sth.被看见正在做某事。根据this time yesterday可知讲的是正在做某事,所以用playing,故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,首先识记be seen to do sth.和be seen doing sth.区别,然后根据关键词this time yesterday确定答案。
29.(2024八上·上海市月考) The technician told us that the new machine was ____ more than 500 parts.
A.made of B.made from C.made by D.made up of
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:技术人员告诉我们,这台新机器由500多个零件组成。A.由......制成;B.由.....制成;C.被制成;D.由......组成。the new machine这台新机器,more than 500 parts500多个零件,结合选项可知讲的是机器由500多个零件组成,故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析,首先识记短语意思,然后根据关键词the new machine和more than 500 parts和句意确定短语。
30.(2024八上·上海市月考) Please don't get off the bus ____.
A.before it will stop B.till it stops
C.after it stops D.until it will stop
【答案】B
【知识点】until/till引导的时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意:请在公共汽车停下来之前不要下车。A.在它将停下来之前;B.直到它停止;C.在它停止之后;D.直到它将停止。till、before、after引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,A、D选项是一般将来时,排除A、D;根据Please don't get off the bus请不要下车,结合选项可知讲的是直到公交车停止才下车,not...till直到......才......,固定搭配,故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句,首先理解选项意思,然后识记ill、before、after引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,最后根据关键词句Please don't get off the bus确定答案。
31.(2024八上·上海市月考) —Are you going to see that film tomorrow
— I have no ideas. If you don't, ____. If you do, ____.
A.nor shall I, so shall I B.nor do I, so do I
C.nor I shall, so I shall D.I don't I do
【答案】A
【知识点】部分倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意:——你明天去看那部电影吗?——我没有任何想法。如果你不,我也不会。如果你这样做,我也会。表示......也是用so/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主格,肯定句用so,否定句用neither。第一句是否定句,所以第一个用nor,排除D;if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,结构是will/shall+动词原形,排除B;第二句是肯定句,所以用so,排除C,故选A。
【点评】考查倒装句,首先识记固定搭配表示......也是用so/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主格,然后理解if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
32.(2024八上·上海市月考) At that moment he ____ about the future.
A.prefers to thinking B.preferred not to think
C.prefers not to think D.preferred to thinking
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配;短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:那一刻,他宁愿不去想未来。prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事,固定搭配,排除D;at that moment表明时态是一般过去时,选项A、C是一般现在时,排除A、C;prefer not to do sth.宁愿不做某事,固定搭配,故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析prefer to do sth.和prefer not to do sth.,根据关键词at that moment确定时态。
33.(2024八上·上海市月考) It's foolish ____ you to think that it is not necessary ____ us to complete the work in time.
A.of, of B.for, for C.of, for D.for, of
【答案】C
【知识点】“It's+adj. (+of+sb.) +不定式”表示“(某人)做某事……”;“It's+adj.(+for+sb.)+不定式” 表示“做某事对某人来说……”
【解析】【分析】句意:你认为我们没有必要及时完成这项工作,真是愚蠢。It's+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.做某事对于某人来说是怎样的。当形容词是描述人的性格、品质时,介词用of。foolish愚蠢的,形容词,修饰人品,所以用of;necessary必要的,形容词,不修饰人品,所以用for,故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析,注意平时识记固定搭配It's+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.,根据关键词foolish和necessary确定介词。
34.(2024八上·上海市月考) Nowadays many students are learning ____ with their study pressure properly.
A.how to do it B.what to do it
C.what to deal D.how to deal
【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:如今,许多学生正在学习如何正确应对学习压力。how to deal with sth.=what to do with...,排除A、B、C,故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配how to deal with sth.=what to do with...。
35.(2024八上·上海市月考) ____ of the two books are interesting. I can't ____ which is more interesting.
A.Both, say B.Either, say C.All, speak D.Each, talk
【答案】A
【知识点】不定代词all / both;不定代词each / every;不定代词either / neither;及物动词;不及物动词
【解析】【分析】句意:这两本书都很有趣。我说不出哪个更有趣。both两者都,做主语时谓语动词用复数;either两者中的一个,做主语时,谓语动词用单数;all三者或者三者以上都,做主语时谓语动词用复数;each每一个,修饰可数名词单数,做主语时谓语动词用单数。two指的是两者,排除C;books是可数名词复数,排除B、D;say sth.说.......;speak说某种语言;talk about sth.谈论某事,根据which is more interesting可知指的是sth.,所以用say,故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析和动词辨析,首先识记代词区别,然后根据关键词two、books和are确定代词,最后根据动词区别确定答案。
四、Rewrite the sentences as required.
36.(2024八上·上海市月考) The camera is very expensive. He can't buy it.
The camera is to buy.
【答案】too;expensive;for;him
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:这台相机很贵。他买不到。即:这台照相机对于他来说是太贵了以至于不能买它。即too+形容词或者副词+for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说太......而不能做某事,固定搭配;昂贵的用expensive,形容词,be动词is后面用形容词,for sb.中sb.用宾格,所以用he的宾格him,故填too expensive for him。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后注意平时识记固定搭配too+形容词或者副词+for sb. to do sth.。
37.(2024八上·上海市月考) Last night, I set the alarm clock for 5:00. (改为被动语态)
Last night, the alarm clock for 5:00.
【答案】was;set
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意:昨晚,我把闹钟定在5点。last night表明时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语clock是单数,所以be动词用was,set的过去分词是set,故填was set。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,首先根据关键词last night确定时态,然后识记一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+动词过去分词。
38.(2024八上·上海市月考) Both my father and my mother are interested in music. (改为否定句)
my father my mother interested in music.
【答案】Neither;nor;is
【知识点】or / either...or…/ not only...but also等连接两个主语时
【解析】【分析】句意:我爸爸和妈妈都对音乐感兴趣。both...and...两者都,否定是neither...nor,做主语时遵循就近原则,即看离谓语最近的名词单复数,mother是单数,are表明时态是一般现在时,所以be动词用is,注意句首首字母大写,故填Neither,nor,is。
【点评】考查句型转换,注意平时识记固定搭配both...and...的否定是neither...nor,理解就近原则,注意句首首字母大写。
39.(2024八上·上海市月考) He must be a policeman. (改为一般疑问句)
he a policeman
【答案】Can;be
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意:他一定是一名警察。must一定,must引导的一般疑问句在句首加can,一二人称相互转化,其他部分按照原先顺序照抄,情态动词can后面用动词原形,所以be动词用原形,注意句首首字母大写,故填Can,be。
【点评】考查句型转换,注意平时识记一般疑问句的变化规则。
40.(2024八上·上海市月考) In order to catch the first bus, he has get up early. (改为状语从句)
He has to get up early he can catch the first bus.
【答案】so;that
【知识点】so that引导目的状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意:为了赶上第一班车,他起得很早。即他不得不早起目的是他可以赶上早班车。in order to do sth.目的是做某事,固定搭配,同义短语是so that+句子,he can catch the first bus是句子,所以用so that,故填so that。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后识记固定搭配in order to do sth.的同义短语是so that+句子,根据关键词句he can catch the first bus确定答案。
41.(2024八上·上海市月考) She spent 2 hours finishing her homework yesterday. (改为意思相同的句子)
2 hours finish her homework yesterday.
【答案】It;took;her;to
【知识点】固定搭配;一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意:她昨天花了两个小时完成作业。spend花费,主语一般是人。spend+时间+doing sth.花费时间做某事;take花费,It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事,spent表明时态是一般过去时,所以takes用过去式take;sb.用she的宾格her,注意句首首字母大写,故填It took her to。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先注意平时识记固定搭配spend+时间+doing sth.的同义短语是It takes sb. some time to do sth.,然后根据关键词spent确定时态。
42.(2024八上·上海市月考) She was happy to see that their team had won. (改为意思相同的句子)
and at their team had won.
【答案】To;her;happiness;and joy
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:她很高兴看到他们队赢了。即令她高兴的是,他们的队伍已经赢了。令某人高兴的是用to one's happiness and joy,固定搭配,注意句首首字母大写,故填To her happiness and joy。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后识记固定搭配to one's happiness and joy,注意句首首字母大写。
43.(2024八上·上海市月考) Jack went to bed two hours ago. (改为意思相同的句子)
Jack bed for two hours.
【答案】has;been;in
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响;非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack两个小时前去睡觉。即Jack已经睡觉两个小时了。for two hours表明时态是现在完成时,并且是延续性动词,结构是have/has+动词过去分词,主语是单数Jack,所以用has;went是go的过去式,go to bed去睡觉,非延续性动词,其延续性动词是be bed,be的过去分词是been,故填has been in。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后识记for+时间段表明时态是现在完成时,然后注意延续性动词与非延续性动词的转化。
44.(2024八上·上海市月考) I want to ask someone to post my letter. (改为意思相同的句子)
I want to my letter .
【答案】have;posted
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:我想请人帮我寄信。post邮寄,实义动词。ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事,固定搭配,同义短语是have sth.+动词过去分词,表示让某事被做,want to do sth.想要做某事,固定搭配,所以have用原形;post的过去分词是posted,故填have,posted。
【点评】考查句型转换,注意平时识记固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.、have sth.+动词过去分词和want to do sth.,理解句意。
45.(2024八上·上海市月考) Jack tried to catch up with his classmates. (保持原义)
Jack didn't want to his classmates.
【答案】leave;behind
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack努力赶上他的同学。即Jack不想落后他的同学。leave behind...落后......,固定搭配;want to do sth.想要做某事,固定搭配,所以leave用原形,故填leave behind。
【点评】考查固定搭配leave behind和want to do sth.。
五、Read the passages and complete the exercises.
(2024八上·上海市月考) A. Read and choose the best answer.
Marshall was a promising young artist. He painted with great feeling. His paintings were all characterized by a strong love and sympathy for people. His high school art teacher felt he had a special talent.
Marshall's father didn't want him to be a painter, however. Mr. Donaldson wanted his son to be a stockbroker(股票经纪人). He wanted Marshall to continue the dynasty started by his great-great grandfather in 1820. The family business, Donaldson and Donaldson Inc. , was now a large, successful investment firm.
Mr. Donaldson felt Marshall was much too individualistic. "Listen, " he told his son, "I had no say in choosing my career. I just did what my dad told me. "
"But you are good at business, " Marshall replied. "I'm not. I'm sure I would just cause trouble for you and problems for the company. " Marshall felt there was no way he could ever fill his father's shoes. And, although he was no stranger to high society, he didn't feel comfortable among the wealthy. He preferred the ordinary, working-class people of the city. His paintings told of their struggles and their hopes.
Sometimes after school Marshall would hang around outside a factory gate. He would draw the workers as they came out at the end of their shift. Marshall wondered how they could keep doing that hard, boring work year after year. Then he realized most of them would be doing something different if they could. But their great obstacle in life was lack of education.
When Marshall got home, he would take out his paintings. The paintings expressed his sympathy and respect for those hard-working people.
Well, Marshall never did enter the family business. This angered his father. But as Marshall got older, his career as an artist began to take off. He became quite famous, and people paid large amounts for his "plain people" paintings.
In time, this success won Marshall's dad over. Mr. Donaldson could see his son was born to paint. Marshall was glad his father finally came around. And happily, the two began to work together after all. Twice each year they held a benefit art show.
Marshall donated a number of his paintings to be sold at each show. The persuasive Mr. Donaldson got his wealthy friends and clients(客户) to attend—and to spend. The money from the art sales was used to help factory workers improve their education.
46.Why didn't Marshall's father want Marshall to be a painter at first
A.He thought Marshall was good at business rather than art.
B.He expected Marshall to continue their family business.
C.He wanted Marshall to earn more money.
D.He thought Marshall was individualistic.
47.From the passage we can learn that ____.
A.Marshall's choice turned out to be wrong
B.Marshall's choice affected their family business
C.Marshall's father at last supported Marshall's choice
D.Marshall's father was always unhappy with Marshall's choice
48.The underlined phrase "take off" in paragraph 7 probably means "____".
A.to take away or remove
B.to go away unexpectedly
C.to stop working temporarily
D.to suddenly become very successful
49.It was ____ that made Marshall a successful artist.
A.his talent and diligence
B.his dad's help with art shows
C.his art teacher's support
D.his desire to help poor people
50.Which of the following is true according to the passage
A.Marshall loved painting very much at early age but he had to give up.
B.Mr. Donaldson, because of the order from his father, entered the family business.
C.Marshall was poor, so he knew what the poor people struggle and hoped.
D.Marshall and his father worked together to hold benefit art shows to improve workers' education
【答案】46.B
47.C
48.D
49.A
50.D
【知识点】故事阅读类;记叙文;细节理解;词义猜测
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了艺术家马歇尔与他的父亲唐纳森之间关于职业选择的冲突,以及马歇尔最终如何通过自己的艺术才华影响和改变周围世界的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解,首先读懂题意,然后从文中抓住相关语句,结合语法理解句意,最终确定正确答案。
46.细节理解题。根据Mr. Donaldson wanted his son to be a stockbroker(股票经纪人). He wanted Marshall to continue the dynasty started by his great-great grandfather in 1820.唐纳森先生希望他的儿子成为一名股票经纪人。他希望马歇尔继续他的曾曾祖父于1820年建立的王朝,可知原因是他期望儿子继承家族事业,故选B。
47.细节理解题。根据In time, this success won Marshall's dad over. Mr. Donaldson could see his son was born to paint. Marshall was glad his father finally came around.随着时间的推移,这一成功赢得了马歇尔的父亲的支持。唐纳森先生可以看出他的儿子天生就是画画的。马歇尔很高兴他的父亲终于醒了过来,可知马歇尔的父亲最终支持了马歇尔的选择,故选C。
48.词义猜测题。根据后句He became quite famous, and people paid large amounts for his "plain people" paintings.他变得相当出名,人们为他的"平民"画支付了大笔费用,可知意思是突然成功,故选D。
49.细节理解题。根据 Mr. Donaldson could see his son was born to paint.唐纳森先生可以看出他的儿子天生就是画画的,可知马歇尔是有天赋的;根据When Marshall got home, he would take out his paintings.当马歇尔回到家时,他会拿出他的画,可知马歇尔是勤奋的,故选A。
50.细节理解题。根据the two began to work together after all. Twice each year they held a benefit art show.The money from the art sales was used to help factory workers improve their education.可知两人终于开始合作了。他们每年举办两次慈善艺术展,艺术品销售所得用于帮助工厂工人提高教育水平,可知马歇尔和他的父亲一起举办了慈善艺术展,以改善工人的教育,故选D。
(2024八上·上海市月考) B. Read and choose the best answer to complete the passage.
The Voice of America, which first went on the air in 1942, is a multimedia(多媒体的)international broadcasting service funded(资助) by the U. S. Government. VOA broadcasts about 1, 500 hours of news, information, educational, and cultural programs every week to a worldwide audience of 134 million people.
After World War Ⅱ ended in 1945, some Americans felt VOA's purpose had to be changed, considering the Soviet Union(苏联) became enemy of America. They wanted to 51. Soviet listeners. Then VOA began broadcasting in Russian.
In the early years VOA began 52. something new to its broadcast that was called "Music USA". Another new idea came along in 1959. VOA knew that many listeners did not know 53. English to completely understand its 54. English broadcast. So VOA invented a simpler kind of English, which uses about 1500 words and is spoken 55. . Of course, it is special English.
In the opinion of most VOA listeners, the most important program is the news report. News from around the world flies into the VOA reporters in major cities and also from other 56. like BBC. VOA writers and editors use these materials to 57. news reports, which are being broadcast in 43 languages.
51.A. reach B. satisfy C. attack D. support
52.A. connecting B. adding C. sending D. leading
53.A. American B. British C. Standard D. enough
54.A. normal B. fast C. good D. exact
55.A. slowly B. rapidly C. normally D. loudly
56.A. broadcasts B. forms C. newspapers D. countries
57.A. announce B. translate C. broadcast D. prepare
【答案】51.A;52.B;53.D;54.A;55.A;56.A;57.D
【知识点】说明文;影视作品赏析与文化价值
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了美国之音(VOA)的历史、发展以及它的主要节目。
【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。
51.句意:他们想接触苏联听众。A.到达、联络;B.满意;C.袭击;D.支持。根据Then VOA began broadcasting in Russian.随后,美国之音开始用俄语进行广播,可知他们想要接触苏联的听众。故选A。
52.句意:早年,美国之音开始在其广播中添加一些新的东西,称为"美国音乐"。A.联系;B.增加;C.发送;D.带领。 something new一些新的东西,its broadcast广播,结合选项可知讲的是把新东西增加到广播里,add...to...把......增加到......,固定搭配,故选B。
53.句意:美国之音知道,许多听众的英语水平不足以完全理解其正常的英语广播。A.美国的;B.英国的;C.标准;D.足够的。根据completely understand可知是英语了解的不够多,故选D。
54.句意:美国之音知道,许多听众的英语水平不足以完全理解其正常的英语广播。A.正常的、标准的;B.快的;C.好的;D.确切的。根据前句可知VOA了解到很多听众英语不够好,所以不能完全明白它的标准英语广播,故选A。
55.句意:所以美国之音发明了一种更简单的英语,它使用大约1500个单词,说得很慢。A.缓慢地;B.迅速地;C.正常地;D.大声地。 which引导的定语从句,修饰a simpler kind of English,spoken是speak的过去分词,speak说,结合选项可知讲的是简单的英语是说得慢,故选A。
56.句意:来自世界各地的新闻飞往美国之音主要城市的记者手中,也来自英国广播公司等其他广播机构。A.广播;B.形式;C.报纸;D.国家。根据BBC可知是广播节目,故选A。
57.句意:美国之音的作家和编辑们使用这些材料来准备新闻报道,这些报道将以43种语言播出。A.宣告;B.翻译;C.广播;D.准备。根据which are being broadcast in 43 languages这些报道将以43种语言播出,可知讲的是 VOA的编导们用这些材料准备将用43种语言广播的新闻报道,故选D。
(2024八上·上海市月考) C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
Every English learner wants to speak English and have a good accent, So what is the hottest accent in Britain now
In English , RP means Received Pronunciation or Standard Pronunciation. It is what we learn at school. However, u 58. Mandarin in Chinese, RP English is not popular on TV or radio in Britain though it used to be the most prestigious(有声望的)accent. It is r 59. to find someone who really speaks RP English now . Probably the Queen is one of the f 60. people who speak that way.
In fact, RP English is not standard English in Britain. It's not what most people speak e 61. . As we know, there was a lot of accents and dialects. F 62. the way people speak English , you can understand their social, educational and geographical background. British people are so proud of the class that they are from. If they are working class, they are proud of b 63. working class. And they don't want to belong to a different class. To them, the most important thing is that they can speak clearly and fluently, They love their accents.
The h 64. English accent is :don't copy other people's accent, but sometimes adjust your own accent according to different situations.
【答案】58.unlike;59.rare;60.few;61.everyday;62.From;63.being;64.hottest
【知识点】说明文;文化差异与文化自信
【解析】【分析】主要讨论了英国英语口音的现状,包括标准发音(RP)的变化,以及英国人对口音的看法和态度。
【点评】考查短文填空,首先读懂文章大意,然后结合前后句句意和首字母确定单词,最后结合语法确定单词正确形式。
58.句意:然而,与汉语普通话不同,RP英语在英国的电视或广播中并不流行,尽管它曾经是最负盛名的口音。根据RP English is not popular on TV or radio in Britain 可知RP英语在英国的电视或广播中并不流行,结合首字母可知讲的是不像汉语普通话,unlike不像,介词,故填unlike。
59.句意:现在很少有人能真正说RP英语。根据前句P English is not popular on TV or radio in BritainRP英语在英国的电视或广播中并不流行,可知现在很少有人能真正说RP英语,rare少的,稀有的,形容词,修饰名词people,故填rare。
60.句意:女王可能是少数几个这样说话的人之一。根据前句可知现在很少有人能真正说RP英语,结合首字母可知讲的是很少的,few少的,形容词,修饰名词people,故填few。
61.句意:这不是大多数人每天说的话。根据前句RP English is not standard English in Britain.RP英语在英国不是标准英语,可知讲的是这不是大多数人每天说的话,everyday每天,副词,修饰实义动词speak,故填everyday。
62.句意:从人们说英语的方式,你可以了解他们的社会、教育和地理背景。the way people speak English人们说英语的方式,you can understand their social, educational and geographical background你可以了解他们的社会、教育和地理背景,结合首字母可知讲的是从人们说英语的方式,你可以了解他们的社会、教育和地理背景,from从,介词,注意句首首字母大写,故填From。
63.句意:如果他们是工人阶级,他们为自己是工人阶级而感到自豪。根据前句British people are so proud of the class that they are from.英国人为他们所属的阶级感到骄傲,结合首字母可知讲的是如果他们是工人阶级,他们为自己是工人阶级而感到自豪,be成为,实义动词,of是介词,后面用动词ing,所以用being,故填being。
64.句意:最热门的英语口音是:不要模仿别人的口音,但有时会根据不同的情况调整自己的口音。根据don't copy other people's accent, but sometimes adjust your own accent according to different situations不要模仿别人的口音,但有时会根据不同的情况调整自己的口音,结合首字母可知讲的是最热门的口音,hottest最热门的,形容词,修饰名词accent,故填hottest。
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一、Follow the example to write out the words.
(2024八上·上海市月考) Follow the example to write out the words.
帮助 assist v.
1.申请,应用
2.行为,举止
3.接触,联系
4.难忘的
5.紧急情况、突发事件
6.方向、趋势
7.使. . . . . . . 丰富
8.票价、费用
9.印象
10.不利、劣势
11.为难的、尴尬的
12.不幸地、遗憾地
13.顽皮的
14.被卡住的
15.幸存下来,存活
【答案】1.apply;v.
2.behavior;n
3.contact;n. /v
4.unforgettable;adj
5.emergency;n
6.direction;n
7.enrich;v
8.fare;n
9.impression;n
10.disadvantage;n
11.embarrassed;adj.
12.unfortunately;adv
13.naughty;adj.
14.stuck;adj
15.survive;v
【知识点】汉译英;可数名词;程度副词;简单形容词;及物动词
【解析】【点评】考查词汇翻译。注意按词性、主题、相似音等进行分类,使之条理化、系统化,就容易巩固和记忆。例如,按颜色、学习用品、交通工具、食品、生活用品等种类归纳,还可以按科目名称、时间、数字、季节、动植物、职业名称、场所地点名称图名等归纳分类。
1.申请,应用,实义动词apply,表示将某种方法、理论、原则等应用于实际情况中。 apply是一个及物动词,其后需要接宾语。 宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或不定式等。 示例:apply a new technique to the problem(将新技术应用于问题)。 apply常与介词to搭配使用,形成固定短语。 如:apply sth. to sth./sb.(把某物敷/涂在另一物/某人上)、apply to sb. for sth.(向某人申请某事),动词词性缩写v.。 故填答案为:apply;v.。
2.行为、举止,可数名词behavior,可数名词,表示具体行为或习惯: "behavior"可以采用复数形式"behaviors",以表示多种不同的具体行为。 示例:The psychologist observed several unusual behaviors in the patient.(心理学家在患者身上观察到了几种不寻常的行为。)名词词性缩写n.。 故答案为:behavior;n.。
3.接触、联系,不可数名词/动词contact。 contact作为不可数名词时,主要表示"接触"或"联络"的意思。它描述的是两种事物或人之间的相互作用或联系。 常见搭配: be in contact with sb./sth.:与某人/某物保持联系或接触。 lose contact with sb./sth.:与某人/某物失去联系或接触。 contact作为动词时,表示"联系"或"与……交往"的意思。它强调主动与某人或某物建立联系或进行交往。 contact可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后面需要接名词或代词作宾语。例如:The doctor contacted me this morning to tell me the results of my tests.(医生今天早上联系我,告诉了我检查结果。) 用作不及物动词时,通常与介词with连用,表示与某人或某物保持联系或接触。例如:I will keep in contact with you.(我会与你保持联系。)动词词性缩写v., 名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:contact,n./v.。
4.难忘的,形容词unforgettable。"unforgettable"作为形容词,通常用于修饰名词,强调某事物或经历的难忘性。例如:an unforgettable experience:一次难忘的经历;an unforgettable day:难忘的一天;an unforgettable moment:难忘的时刻。 同义词:与"unforgettable"意思相近的词汇有"memorable"(值得记忆的)、"indelible"(不可磨灭的)、"unerasable"(不可消除的)等。这些词汇在表达"难忘"这一概念时,各有侧重,但都传达了"难以忘记"的核心意义。 与"unforgettable"相对的反义词是"forgettable"(可忘记的,易忘的)。这个反义词在表达上与"unforgettable"形成鲜明对比,用于描述那些容易被忽视或遗忘的事物或经历。 形容词词性缩写adj.。故答案为:unforgettable,adj.。
5.紧急情况、突发事件,不可数名词emergency。 "emergency"作为不可数名词时,常与一些介词或动词短语搭配使用,以表达更具体的含义。例如: in an emergency:在紧急情况下;declare a state of emergency:宣布进入紧急状态 。名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:emergency,n.。
6.方向、趋势,可数名词direction, "direction"作为可数名词时,其基本含义是"方向"或"方位",指物体或人移动或指向的具体位置或路径。它既可以表示物理空间中的东、南、西、北等具体方向,也可以引申为抽象的概念,如事业的发展方向、政策的导向等。常见搭配: in the direction of:表示"朝着……的方向"或"在……的方向上"。例如: The car is moving in the direction of the city center.(汽车正朝着市中心的方向行驶。) in the right/wrong/opposite direction:表示"朝着正确的/错误的/相反的方向"。例如: You're going in the wrong direction; the station is that way.(你走错方向了,车站在那边。) 。名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:direction,n.。
7.使......丰富,实义动词enrich。 "enrich"作为实义动词,其基本含义是"使丰富;使充实"。它既可以用于物质层面的丰富,如增加土壤肥力、提高生活质量等;也可以用于精神或知识层面的充实,如丰富知识、提升文化素养等。 enrich oneself:充实自我;发家致富。这一搭配强调个人通过努力或学习使自己变得更加充实或富有。例如: He spent his youth enriching himself with knowledge and experience.(他用青春年华充实自己的知识和经验。) enrich sth (with sth):向某物添加某物以使其更丰富。这一搭配常用于描述通过添加新元素或内容来使某物更加充实或完善。例如: The company enriched its product line with new and innovative products.(公司通过推出新产品和创新产品来丰富其产品线。) 动词词性缩写v.。故答案为:enrich,v.。
8.票价、费用,可数名词fare。 指乘坐公共交通工具(如火车、公交车、出租车、飞机等)所需支付的费用。例如,train fare(火车票)、bus fare(汽车票)、taxi fare/cab fare(打的费)、air fare(飞机票)。 指乘坐出租车的人。例如,The taxi driver picked up a fare at the taxi office.(出租车司机在租车中心接了一位乘客。)名词词性缩写n.。 故答案为:fare,n.。
9.印象,可数名词impression。 "impression"作为可数名词,其基本含义是"印象",指人们对某事物或某人的主观感知和看法。它可以是正面的,也可以是负面的,或者是中性的。 常见搭配: impressions about/of:关于……的印象。用于描述对某人或某事的看法或感受。例如: I have very favorable impressions of him.(我对他印象很好。) She gave me a lasting impression of kindness.(她给我留下了永久的善良印象。)leave/make an impression on sb.:给某人留下印象。用于描述某人或某事给另一个人留下了深刻的印象。例如:His speech left a deep impression on the audience.(他的演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。)名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:impression,n.。
10.不利、劣势,可数名词disadvantage。 "disadvantage"作为可数名词,其基本含义是"不利条件"或"劣势"。它指的是某种对某人或某物不利的情况、状态或因素,通常与优势(advantage)形成对比。 常见搭配及短语: at a disadvantage:处于不利地位。这个短语用于描述某人或某物在竞争、谈判或比赛中因某种原因而处于劣势的情况。例如: He started the race at a disadvantage because he didn't have proper training.(他因为没有进行适当的训练而在比赛中处于不利地位。) to one's disadvantage:对某人不利。这个短语表示某种情况或条件对某人不利,使其处于不利的境地。它强调了不利影响是针对特定个体的。例如: Her lack of experience was to her disadvantage in the job interview.(她在面试中缺乏经验,这对她不利。) 名词词性缩写n.。故答案为:disadvantage,n.。
11.为难的、尴尬的,形容词embarrassed。 "Embarrassed"的基本含义是"尴尬的;窘迫的;为难的"。它通常用来形容一个人在社交场合中因为某种原因(如说错话、做错事、被他人嘲笑或误解等)而感到不自在和难为情。 常见搭配及短语: feel embarrassed:感到尴尬。这是"embarrassed"最常见的用法之一,用于描述一个人因为某种原因而感到不自在。 be embarrassed about/at:对……感到尴尬。这个短语用于指出导致某人感到尴尬的具体原因或情境。 形容词词性缩写adj.。故答案为:embarrassed,adj.。
12.不幸地、遗憾地,副词unfortunately。 "Unfortunately"的基本含义是"不幸地;遗憾地;可惜地"。它通常用于引导一个不幸的、不如意的事实或情况,表示说话者对这种情况的遗憾或不满。 句首使用:将"unfortunately"放在句首,可以强调整个句子的不幸性质。例如: Unfortunately, I have to cancel our meeting tomorrow.(不幸的是,我不得不取消我们明天的会议。) 句中修饰:将"unfortunately"放在动词前或形容词前,可以修饰整个谓语部分或形容词所描述的状态。例如: He unfortunately lost his job last month.(他上个月不幸地失去了工作。) 句尾补充:虽然不如句首和句中常见,但有时也将"unfortunately"放在句尾作为补充,强调不幸的结果。例如: The train was late, unfortunately.(火车晚点了,不幸的是。) 副词词性缩写adv.。故答案为:unfortunately,adv.。
13.顽皮的,形容词naughty。 "Naughty"的基本含义是"淘气的;顽皮的;不听话的"。它通常用来形容孩子或年轻人表现出的顽皮行为,有时也用于形容宠物或其他动物做出的调皮举动。 常见搭配与短语: be naughty:表现淘气。这是"naughty"最常见的用法之一,用于描述一个人或动物的行为。 naughty child/kid:淘气的孩子。这个短语常用于形容孩子的顽皮行为。 程度修饰:"naughty"可以与程度副词(如very、extremely、a little等)搭配使用,以表达不同程度的淘气程度。例如: She was a very naughty child.(她是一个非常淘气的孩子。)形容词词性缩写adj. 。故答案为:naughty,adj.。
14.被卡住的,形容词stuck。 "Stuck"的基本含义是"卡住的;陷住的;动不了的"。它通常用于描述物体因为某种原因(如被卡住、陷入泥泞、被阻挡等)而无法移动或无法从某个位置或状态中摆脱出来。 常见搭配与短语: get stuck:被困住;被卡住。这是"stuck"最常见的短语形式,用于描述某人或某物因为某种原因而无法移动。 be stuck in:陷入(困境、交通堵塞等)。这个短语用于描述某人或某物因为某种原因而处于某种不利的境地或状态。 The car gets completely stuck in the mud.(汽车完全陷在泥里了。)形容词词性缩写adj. 。 故答案为:stuck,adj.。
15.幸存下来、存活,实义动词survive。 "Survive"的基本含义是"幸存;活下来",它通常用于描述在困难、挑战或危险的环境中,个体或事物能够继续存活或存在的状态。 幸存;幸免于难: 示例:She survived the accident.(她在事故中幸存下来。) 比(某人)活得更长;比(某人)长寿: 示例:He survived his wife by ten years.(他比妻子多活了十年。) 搭配:"survive sb. by +时间段" 。动词词性缩写v.。故答案为:survive,v.。
二、Write out the phrases according to the Chinese given.
(2024八上·上海市月考) Write out the phrases according to the Chinese given.
16.首先、毕竟
17.代表
18.照顾、喜欢
19.取代
20.参加、从事于
21.屏住呼吸
22.赞成
23.延期
24.一路上
25.结果是、证明是
【答案】16.above all
17.stand for
18.care for
19.take the place of
20.go in for
21.hold one's breath
22.in favor of
23.put off
24.all the way
25.turn out
【知识点】汉译英;固定搭配
【解析】【点评】考查词汇翻译。注意遇到生词时,多读几遍生词所在的句子,背诵精彩的例句,用句子记住单词。
16.首先、毕竟,介词短语above all。 "above"作为介词,表示"在……之上"。 "all"则指代所有相关的事物或因素。 两者结合,构成了强调某一事物重要性的介词短语。 置于句首时,能够迅速吸引听众或读者的注意力,直接点明接下来要讨论的内容是重中之重。例如:"Above all, we must ensure the safety of our employees."(首先,我们必须确保员工的安全。) 置于句尾时,允许作者先构建背景或列出多个事项,然后再强调其中一项的重要性。例如:"When planning a trip, choosing the right destination is crucial, above all."(在规划旅行时,选择正确的目的地至关重要。) 故答案为:above all。
17.代表,固定搭配stand for。 用于解释某个单词、缩写、符号或标志的含义。例如,"USA stands for the United States of America."(美国这一缩写代表的含义是美利坚合众国。)"What does ‘UN' stand for "('UN'代表什么?) 用于表达对某种观点、原则、立场、信念或价值观的支持。例如,"I stand for equality and justice."(我支持平等和正义。)"The candidate stands for lower taxes and more jobs."(候选人支持减税和增加就业机会。) 故答案为:stand for。
18.照顾、喜欢,固定搭配care for。 用于描述对某人或某物的保护和照顾,确保他们的健康和幸福。例如,"She cares for her elderly mother."(她照顾她年迈的母亲。)或"The nurse cares for the patients in the hospital."(护士照料医院里的病人。) 在特定语境下,表示对某事物的喜好或偏好。通常用于疑问句或否定句中。例如,"I don't care for spicy food."(我不喜欢辣的食物。)或"Would you care for a cup of tea "(你想喝杯茶吗?) 用于表达对某人或某事的关注和在意。例如,"I care for your opinion."(我关心你的意见。)或"He doesn't care for his appearance."(他不关心自己的外貌。) 故答案为:care for。
19.取代,固定搭配take the place of。 描述某一物品或设备被另一物品或设备所取代。例如,"Plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials."(塑料已取代了许多传统材料。) 描述某人或某角色被另一人或另一角色所取代。例如,"He decided at the last minute to take the place of me and attend the meeting."(他在最后一刻决定代替我去参加会议。) 描述某一观念、政策或想法被另一观念、政策或想法所取代。例如,"The new policy will gradually take the place of the old one."(新政策将逐渐取代旧政策。) 故答案为:take place of。
20.参加、从事于,固定搭配go in for。用于描述个人参与某项活动、比赛或工作等。例如:"He's going in for the marathon next month."(他下个月要参加马拉松比赛。)又如:"After years of teaching, he decided to go in for law."(多年教学后,他决定从事法律工作。强调对某事物或某活动的热爱与积极参与。例如:"She really goes in for painting."(她非常喜欢并积极参与绘画活动。)又如:"Not all the students go in for table tennis."(不是所有的学生都爱打乒乓球。)故答案为:go in for。
21.屏住呼吸,固定搭配hold one's breath。 "hold one's breath"中的"hold"意为"保持、握住",而"one's breath"则指某人的呼吸。整个短语合起来,就表示某人因为紧张、期待、惊讶或进行某种需要暂停呼吸的活动(如潜水、游泳等)而暂时停止呼吸的状态。 当某人处于紧张或期待的状态时,可能会不自觉地屏住呼吸。例如,"She held her breath as she waited for the results of her exam."(她等待考试成绩时屏住了呼吸。)这句话就生动地描绘了她在等待结果时的紧张心情。 在某些活动中,如潜水、游泳等,人们需要暂时停止呼吸。这时,"hold one's breath"就可以用来描述这种状态。例如,"When the diver went underwater, he held his breath for a long time."(当潜水员潜入水下时,他屏住呼吸很长时间。) 故答案为:hold one's breath。
22.赞成,介词短语in favor of。 "in favor of"的基本含义是"支持"或"赞同",通常用于表达某人对某人、某事或某观点持积极态度。 例句:Most people are in favor of the new policy.(大多数人支持这项新政策。) 在法律语境中,"in favor of"常翻译为"以某人为受益人"或"有利于某人"。 例句:The will was in favor of his youngest son.(遗嘱是以他最小的儿子为受益人的。) 故答案为:in favor of。
23.延期,固定搭配put off。 "put off"最常见的含义是推迟或延期某事。它后面可以跟名词、动名词(即动词的-ing形式)或介词短语来表示推迟的具体内容或时间。 例如:"They had to put off the meeting until next week."(他们不得不把会议推迟到下周。) "put off"也可以表示拖延或耽搁某事。这通常指某人故意或无意地推迟某项任务或活动的完成时间。 例如:"Stop putting off doing your homework and start working on it right away."(别再拖延做作业了,马上开始做。) 故答案为:put off。
24.一路上,固定搭配all the way。 "all the way"在描述旅程或行进过程时,常用来表示从起点到终点的整个过程中。 例如:"I enjoyed the scenery all the way."(我一路上都很享受风景。) 注意"all the way"与其他词汇的搭配,以形成固定的短语搭配,如"all the way through"、"all the way down"等。 故答案为:all the way。
25.结果是、证明是,固定搭配turn out。"turn out"的基本含义是"结果是"或"证明是",通常用于描述某件事情的最终结果或情况,这个结果可能是出乎意料的,也可能是已知的。固定搭配及用法:turn out to be, 用法:后面接形容词、名词或不定式短语,表示某事物最终的性质、状态或结果。 例句:The weather turned out to be sunny.(天气结果是晴朗的。) She turned out to be a talented artist.(她原来是个有才华的艺术家。) 故答案为:turn out。
三、Choose the best answer.
26.(2024八上·上海市月考) Do you know who has won the first prize at ____ 100-metre race at the recent World Championship
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】C
【知识点】表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意:你知道谁在最近的世界锦标赛上获得了100米赛跑的一等奖吗?a/an表示数量是一,第一次出现,泛指,以元音音素开头的用an,以辅音音素开头的用a;the表示特指,第二次及其以上出现。at the recent World Championship做前面名词prize的定语,表示特指,所以用the,故选C。
【点评】考查冠词辨析,首先识记a/an/the区别,然后根据关键词句at the recent World Championship确定冠词。
27.(2024八上·上海市月考) ____ important news is to everybody in the modern world!
A.How B.How an C.What D.What an
【答案】A
【知识点】what引导的感叹句;how引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】句意:新闻对现代世界的每个人来说都是多么重要啊!what引导的感叹句结构是What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!how引导的感叹句结构是How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!is是谓语;news是主语;important重要的,是形容词;所以用how引导,故选A。
【点评】考查how和what引导的感叹句,注意平时识记其结构,根据关键词确定引导词。
28.(2024八上·上海市月考) The boys of Grade Nine were seen ____ basketball at the court this time yesterday.
A.play B.to play C.playing D.played
【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:昨天这个时候,有人看到九年级的男生在球场上打篮球。play打,实义动词,过去式是played,不定式是to play,动词ing是playing。be seen to do sth.被看见做某事,指的是全过程;be seen doing sth.被看见正在做某事。根据this time yesterday可知讲的是正在做某事,所以用playing,故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,首先识记be seen to do sth.和be seen doing sth.区别,然后根据关键词this time yesterday确定答案。
29.(2024八上·上海市月考) The technician told us that the new machine was ____ more than 500 parts.
A.made of B.made from C.made by D.made up of
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:技术人员告诉我们,这台新机器由500多个零件组成。A.由......制成;B.由.....制成;C.被制成;D.由......组成。the new machine这台新机器,more than 500 parts500多个零件,结合选项可知讲的是机器由500多个零件组成,故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析,首先识记短语意思,然后根据关键词the new machine和more than 500 parts和句意确定短语。
30.(2024八上·上海市月考) Please don't get off the bus ____.
A.before it will stop B.till it stops
C.after it stops D.until it will stop
【答案】B
【知识点】until/till引导的时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意:请在公共汽车停下来之前不要下车。A.在它将停下来之前;B.直到它停止;C.在它停止之后;D.直到它将停止。till、before、after引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,A、D选项是一般将来时,排除A、D;根据Please don't get off the bus请不要下车,结合选项可知讲的是直到公交车停止才下车,not...till直到......才......,固定搭配,故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句,首先理解选项意思,然后识记ill、before、after引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,最后根据关键词句Please don't get off the bus确定答案。
31.(2024八上·上海市月考) —Are you going to see that film tomorrow
— I have no ideas. If you don't, ____. If you do, ____.
A.nor shall I, so shall I B.nor do I, so do I
C.nor I shall, so I shall D.I don't I do
【答案】A
【知识点】部分倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意:——你明天去看那部电影吗?——我没有任何想法。如果你不,我也不会。如果你这样做,我也会。表示......也是用so/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主格,肯定句用so,否定句用neither。第一句是否定句,所以第一个用nor,排除D;if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,结构是will/shall+动词原形,排除B;第二句是肯定句,所以用so,排除C,故选A。
【点评】考查倒装句,首先识记固定搭配表示......也是用so/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主格,然后理解if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
32.(2024八上·上海市月考) At that moment he ____ about the future.
A.prefers to thinking B.preferred not to think
C.prefers not to think D.preferred to thinking
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配;短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:那一刻,他宁愿不去想未来。prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事,固定搭配,排除D;at that moment表明时态是一般过去时,选项A、C是一般现在时,排除A、C;prefer not to do sth.宁愿不做某事,固定搭配,故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析prefer to do sth.和prefer not to do sth.,根据关键词at that moment确定时态。
33.(2024八上·上海市月考) It's foolish ____ you to think that it is not necessary ____ us to complete the work in time.
A.of, of B.for, for C.of, for D.for, of
【答案】C
【知识点】“It's+adj. (+of+sb.) +不定式”表示“(某人)做某事……”;“It's+adj.(+for+sb.)+不定式” 表示“做某事对某人来说……”
【解析】【分析】句意:你认为我们没有必要及时完成这项工作,真是愚蠢。It's+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.做某事对于某人来说是怎样的。当形容词是描述人的性格、品质时,介词用of。foolish愚蠢的,形容词,修饰人品,所以用of;necessary必要的,形容词,不修饰人品,所以用for,故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析,注意平时识记固定搭配It's+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.,根据关键词foolish和necessary确定介词。
34.(2024八上·上海市月考) Nowadays many students are learning ____ with their study pressure properly.
A.how to do it B.what to do it
C.what to deal D.how to deal
【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:如今,许多学生正在学习如何正确应对学习压力。how to deal with sth.=what to do with...,排除A、B、C,故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配how to deal with sth.=what to do with...。
35.(2024八上·上海市月考) ____ of the two books are interesting. I can't ____ which is more interesting.
A.Both, say B.Either, say C.All, speak D.Each, talk
【答案】A
【知识点】不定代词all / both;不定代词each / every;不定代词either / neither;及物动词;不及物动词
【解析】【分析】句意:这两本书都很有趣。我说不出哪个更有趣。both两者都,做主语时谓语动词用复数;either两者中的一个,做主语时,谓语动词用单数;all三者或者三者以上都,做主语时谓语动词用复数;each每一个,修饰可数名词单数,做主语时谓语动词用单数。two指的是两者,排除C;books是可数名词复数,排除B、D;say sth.说.......;speak说某种语言;talk about sth.谈论某事,根据which is more interesting可知指的是sth.,所以用say,故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析和动词辨析,首先识记代词区别,然后根据关键词two、books和are确定代词,最后根据动词区别确定答案。
四、Rewrite the sentences as required.
36.(2024八上·上海市月考) The camera is very expensive. He can't buy it.
The camera is to buy.
【答案】too;expensive;for;him
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:这台相机很贵。他买不到。即:这台照相机对于他来说是太贵了以至于不能买它。即too+形容词或者副词+for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说太......而不能做某事,固定搭配;昂贵的用expensive,形容词,be动词is后面用形容词,for sb.中sb.用宾格,所以用he的宾格him,故填too expensive for him。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后注意平时识记固定搭配too+形容词或者副词+for sb. to do sth.。
37.(2024八上·上海市月考) Last night, I set the alarm clock for 5:00. (改为被动语态)
Last night, the alarm clock for 5:00.
【答案】was;set
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意:昨晚,我把闹钟定在5点。last night表明时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语clock是单数,所以be动词用was,set的过去分词是set,故填was set。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,首先根据关键词last night确定时态,然后识记一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+动词过去分词。
38.(2024八上·上海市月考) Both my father and my mother are interested in music. (改为否定句)
my father my mother interested in music.
【答案】Neither;nor;is
【知识点】or / either...or…/ not only...but also等连接两个主语时
【解析】【分析】句意:我爸爸和妈妈都对音乐感兴趣。both...and...两者都,否定是neither...nor,做主语时遵循就近原则,即看离谓语最近的名词单复数,mother是单数,are表明时态是一般现在时,所以be动词用is,注意句首首字母大写,故填Neither,nor,is。
【点评】考查句型转换,注意平时识记固定搭配both...and...的否定是neither...nor,理解就近原则,注意句首首字母大写。
39.(2024八上·上海市月考) He must be a policeman. (改为一般疑问句)
he a policeman
【答案】Can;be
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意:他一定是一名警察。must一定,must引导的一般疑问句在句首加can,一二人称相互转化,其他部分按照原先顺序照抄,情态动词can后面用动词原形,所以be动词用原形,注意句首首字母大写,故填Can,be。
【点评】考查句型转换,注意平时识记一般疑问句的变化规则。
40.(2024八上·上海市月考) In order to catch the first bus, he has get up early. (改为状语从句)
He has to get up early he can catch the first bus.
【答案】so;that
【知识点】so that引导目的状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意:为了赶上第一班车,他起得很早。即他不得不早起目的是他可以赶上早班车。in order to do sth.目的是做某事,固定搭配,同义短语是so that+句子,he can catch the first bus是句子,所以用so that,故填so that。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后识记固定搭配in order to do sth.的同义短语是so that+句子,根据关键词句he can catch the first bus确定答案。
41.(2024八上·上海市月考) She spent 2 hours finishing her homework yesterday. (改为意思相同的句子)
2 hours finish her homework yesterday.
【答案】It;took;her;to
【知识点】固定搭配;一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意:她昨天花了两个小时完成作业。spend花费,主语一般是人。spend+时间+doing sth.花费时间做某事;take花费,It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事,spent表明时态是一般过去时,所以takes用过去式take;sb.用she的宾格her,注意句首首字母大写,故填It took her to。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先注意平时识记固定搭配spend+时间+doing sth.的同义短语是It takes sb. some time to do sth.,然后根据关键词spent确定时态。
42.(2024八上·上海市月考) She was happy to see that their team had won. (改为意思相同的句子)
and at their team had won.
【答案】To;her;happiness;and joy
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:她很高兴看到他们队赢了。即令她高兴的是,他们的队伍已经赢了。令某人高兴的是用to one's happiness and joy,固定搭配,注意句首首字母大写,故填To her happiness and joy。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后识记固定搭配to one's happiness and joy,注意句首首字母大写。
43.(2024八上·上海市月考) Jack went to bed two hours ago. (改为意思相同的句子)
Jack bed for two hours.
【答案】has;been;in
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响;非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack两个小时前去睡觉。即Jack已经睡觉两个小时了。for two hours表明时态是现在完成时,并且是延续性动词,结构是have/has+动词过去分词,主语是单数Jack,所以用has;went是go的过去式,go to bed去睡觉,非延续性动词,其延续性动词是be bed,be的过去分词是been,故填has been in。
【点评】考查句型转换,首先理解句意,然后识记for+时间段表明时态是现在完成时,然后注意延续性动词与非延续性动词的转化。
44.(2024八上·上海市月考) I want to ask someone to post my letter. (改为意思相同的句子)
I want to my letter .
【答案】have;posted
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:我想请人帮我寄信。post邮寄,实义动词。ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事,固定搭配,同义短语是have sth.+动词过去分词,表示让某事被做,want to do sth.想要做某事,固定搭配,所以have用原形;post的过去分词是posted,故填have,posted。
【点评】考查句型转换,注意平时识记固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.、have sth.+动词过去分词和want to do sth.,理解句意。
45.(2024八上·上海市月考) Jack tried to catch up with his classmates. (保持原义)
Jack didn't want to his classmates.
【答案】leave;behind
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack努力赶上他的同学。即Jack不想落后他的同学。leave behind...落后......,固定搭配;want to do sth.想要做某事,固定搭配,所以leave用原形,故填leave behind。
【点评】考查固定搭配leave behind和want to do sth.。
五、Read the passages and complete the exercises.
(2024八上·上海市月考) A. Read and choose the best answer.
Marshall was a promising young artist. He painted with great feeling. His paintings were all characterized by a strong love and sympathy for people. His high school art teacher felt he had a special talent.
Marshall's father didn't want him to be a painter, however. Mr. Donaldson wanted his son to be a stockbroker(股票经纪人). He wanted Marshall to continue the dynasty started by his great-great grandfather in 1820. The family business, Donaldson and Donaldson Inc. , was now a large, successful investment firm.
Mr. Donaldson felt Marshall was much too individualistic. "Listen, " he told his son, "I had no say in choosing my career. I just did what my dad told me. "
"But you are good at business, " Marshall replied. "I'm not. I'm sure I would just cause trouble for you and problems for the company. " Marshall felt there was no way he could ever fill his father's shoes. And, although he was no stranger to high society, he didn't feel comfortable among the wealthy. He preferred the ordinary, working-class people of the city. His paintings told of their struggles and their hopes.
Sometimes after school Marshall would hang around outside a factory gate. He would draw the workers as they came out at the end of their shift. Marshall wondered how they could keep doing that hard, boring work year after year. Then he realized most of them would be doing something different if they could. But their great obstacle in life was lack of education.
When Marshall got home, he would take out his paintings. The paintings expressed his sympathy and respect for those hard-working people.
Well, Marshall never did enter the family business. This angered his father. But as Marshall got older, his career as an artist began to take off. He became quite famous, and people paid large amounts for his "plain people" paintings.
In time, this success won Marshall's dad over. Mr. Donaldson could see his son was born to paint. Marshall was glad his father finally came around. And happily, the two began to work together after all. Twice each year they held a benefit art show.
Marshall donated a number of his paintings to be sold at each show. The persuasive Mr. Donaldson got his wealthy friends and clients(客户) to attend—and to spend. The money from the art sales was used to help factory workers improve their education.
46.Why didn't Marshall's father want Marshall to be a painter at first
A.He thought Marshall was good at business rather than art.
B.He expected Marshall to continue their family business.
C.He wanted Marshall to earn more money.
D.He thought Marshall was individualistic.
47.From the passage we can learn that ____.
A.Marshall's choice turned out to be wrong
B.Marshall's choice affected their family business
C.Marshall's father at last supported Marshall's choice
D.Marshall's father was always unhappy with Marshall's choice
48.The underlined phrase "take off" in paragraph 7 probably means "____".
A.to take away or remove
B.to go away unexpectedly
C.to stop working temporarily
D.to suddenly become very successful
49.It was ____ that made Marshall a successful artist.
A.his talent and diligence
B.his dad's help with art shows
C.his art teacher's support
D.his desire to help poor people
50.Which of the following is true according to the passage
A.Marshall loved painting very much at early age but he had to give up.
B.Mr. Donaldson, because of the order from his father, entered the family business.
C.Marshall was poor, so he knew what the poor people struggle and hoped.
D.Marshall and his father worked together to hold benefit art shows to improve workers' education
【答案】46.B
47.C
48.D
49.A
50.D
【知识点】故事阅读类;记叙文;细节理解;词义猜测
【解析】【分析】主要讲述了艺术家马歇尔与他的父亲唐纳森之间关于职业选择的冲突,以及马歇尔最终如何通过自己的艺术才华影响和改变周围世界的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解,首先读懂题意,然后从文中抓住相关语句,结合语法理解句意,最终确定正确答案。
46.细节理解题。根据Mr. Donaldson wanted his son to be a stockbroker(股票经纪人). He wanted Marshall to continue the dynasty started by his great-great grandfather in 1820.唐纳森先生希望他的儿子成为一名股票经纪人。他希望马歇尔继续他的曾曾祖父于1820年建立的王朝,可知原因是他期望儿子继承家族事业,故选B。
47.细节理解题。根据In time, this success won Marshall's dad over. Mr. Donaldson could see his son was born to paint. Marshall was glad his father finally came around.随着时间的推移,这一成功赢得了马歇尔的父亲的支持。唐纳森先生可以看出他的儿子天生就是画画的。马歇尔很高兴他的父亲终于醒了过来,可知马歇尔的父亲最终支持了马歇尔的选择,故选C。
48.词义猜测题。根据后句He became quite famous, and people paid large amounts for his "plain people" paintings.他变得相当出名,人们为他的"平民"画支付了大笔费用,可知意思是突然成功,故选D。
49.细节理解题。根据 Mr. Donaldson could see his son was born to paint.唐纳森先生可以看出他的儿子天生就是画画的,可知马歇尔是有天赋的;根据When Marshall got home, he would take out his paintings.当马歇尔回到家时,他会拿出他的画,可知马歇尔是勤奋的,故选A。
50.细节理解题。根据the two began to work together after all. Twice each year they held a benefit art show.The money from the art sales was used to help factory workers improve their education.可知两人终于开始合作了。他们每年举办两次慈善艺术展,艺术品销售所得用于帮助工厂工人提高教育水平,可知马歇尔和他的父亲一起举办了慈善艺术展,以改善工人的教育,故选D。
(2024八上·上海市月考) B. Read and choose the best answer to complete the passage.
The Voice of America, which first went on the air in 1942, is a multimedia(多媒体的)international broadcasting service funded(资助) by the U. S. Government. VOA broadcasts about 1, 500 hours of news, information, educational, and cultural programs every week to a worldwide audience of 134 million people.
After World War Ⅱ ended in 1945, some Americans felt VOA's purpose had to be changed, considering the Soviet Union(苏联) became enemy of America. They wanted to 51. Soviet listeners. Then VOA began broadcasting in Russian.
In the early years VOA began 52. something new to its broadcast that was called "Music USA". Another new idea came along in 1959. VOA knew that many listeners did not know 53. English to completely understand its 54. English broadcast. So VOA invented a simpler kind of English, which uses about 1500 words and is spoken 55. . Of course, it is special English.
In the opinion of most VOA listeners, the most important program is the news report. News from around the world flies into the VOA reporters in major cities and also from other 56. like BBC. VOA writers and editors use these materials to 57. news reports, which are being broadcast in 43 languages.
51.A. reach B. satisfy C. attack D. support
52.A. connecting B. adding C. sending D. leading
53.A. American B. British C. Standard D. enough
54.A. normal B. fast C. good D. exact
55.A. slowly B. rapidly C. normally D. loudly
56.A. broadcasts B. forms C. newspapers D. countries
57.A. announce B. translate C. broadcast D. prepare
【答案】51.A;52.B;53.D;54.A;55.A;56.A;57.D
【知识点】说明文;影视作品赏析与文化价值
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了美国之音(VOA)的历史、发展以及它的主要节目。
【点评】考查完形填空,首先通读一遍文章,跳过缺失的单词,再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义,最后对选项进行区别,选出正确的那一项。
51.句意:他们想接触苏联听众。A.到达、联络;B.满意;C.袭击;D.支持。根据Then VOA began broadcasting in Russian.随后,美国之音开始用俄语进行广播,可知他们想要接触苏联的听众。故选A。
52.句意:早年,美国之音开始在其广播中添加一些新的东西,称为"美国音乐"。A.联系;B.增加;C.发送;D.带领。 something new一些新的东西,its broadcast广播,结合选项可知讲的是把新东西增加到广播里,add...to...把......增加到......,固定搭配,故选B。
53.句意:美国之音知道,许多听众的英语水平不足以完全理解其正常的英语广播。A.美国的;B.英国的;C.标准;D.足够的。根据completely understand可知是英语了解的不够多,故选D。
54.句意:美国之音知道,许多听众的英语水平不足以完全理解其正常的英语广播。A.正常的、标准的;B.快的;C.好的;D.确切的。根据前句可知VOA了解到很多听众英语不够好,所以不能完全明白它的标准英语广播,故选A。
55.句意:所以美国之音发明了一种更简单的英语,它使用大约1500个单词,说得很慢。A.缓慢地;B.迅速地;C.正常地;D.大声地。 which引导的定语从句,修饰a simpler kind of English,spoken是speak的过去分词,speak说,结合选项可知讲的是简单的英语是说得慢,故选A。
56.句意:来自世界各地的新闻飞往美国之音主要城市的记者手中,也来自英国广播公司等其他广播机构。A.广播;B.形式;C.报纸;D.国家。根据BBC可知是广播节目,故选A。
57.句意:美国之音的作家和编辑们使用这些材料来准备新闻报道,这些报道将以43种语言播出。A.宣告;B.翻译;C.广播;D.准备。根据which are being broadcast in 43 languages这些报道将以43种语言播出,可知讲的是 VOA的编导们用这些材料准备将用43种语言广播的新闻报道,故选D。
(2024八上·上海市月考) C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
Every English learner wants to speak English and have a good accent, So what is the hottest accent in Britain now
In English , RP means Received Pronunciation or Standard Pronunciation. It is what we learn at school. However, u 58. Mandarin in Chinese, RP English is not popular on TV or radio in Britain though it used to be the most prestigious(有声望的)accent. It is r 59. to find someone who really speaks RP English now . Probably the Queen is one of the f 60. people who speak that way.
In fact, RP English is not standard English in Britain. It's not what most people speak e 61. . As we know, there was a lot of accents and dialects. F 62. the way people speak English , you can understand their social, educational and geographical background. British people are so proud of the class that they are from. If they are working class, they are proud of b 63. working class. And they don't want to belong to a different class. To them, the most important thing is that they can speak clearly and fluently, They love their accents.
The h 64. English accent is :don't copy other people's accent, but sometimes adjust your own accent according to different situations.
【答案】58.unlike;59.rare;60.few;61.everyday;62.From;63.being;64.hottest
【知识点】说明文;文化差异与文化自信
【解析】【分析】主要讨论了英国英语口音的现状,包括标准发音(RP)的变化,以及英国人对口音的看法和态度。
【点评】考查短文填空,首先读懂文章大意,然后结合前后句句意和首字母确定单词,最后结合语法确定单词正确形式。
58.句意:然而,与汉语普通话不同,RP英语在英国的电视或广播中并不流行,尽管它曾经是最负盛名的口音。根据RP English is not popular on TV or radio in Britain 可知RP英语在英国的电视或广播中并不流行,结合首字母可知讲的是不像汉语普通话,unlike不像,介词,故填unlike。
59.句意:现在很少有人能真正说RP英语。根据前句P English is not popular on TV or radio in BritainRP英语在英国的电视或广播中并不流行,可知现在很少有人能真正说RP英语,rare少的,稀有的,形容词,修饰名词people,故填rare。
60.句意:女王可能是少数几个这样说话的人之一。根据前句可知现在很少有人能真正说RP英语,结合首字母可知讲的是很少的,few少的,形容词,修饰名词people,故填few。
61.句意:这不是大多数人每天说的话。根据前句RP English is not standard English in Britain.RP英语在英国不是标准英语,可知讲的是这不是大多数人每天说的话,everyday每天,副词,修饰实义动词speak,故填everyday。
62.句意:从人们说英语的方式,你可以了解他们的社会、教育和地理背景。the way people speak English人们说英语的方式,you can understand their social, educational and geographical background你可以了解他们的社会、教育和地理背景,结合首字母可知讲的是从人们说英语的方式,你可以了解他们的社会、教育和地理背景,from从,介词,注意句首首字母大写,故填From。
63.句意:如果他们是工人阶级,他们为自己是工人阶级而感到自豪。根据前句British people are so proud of the class that they are from.英国人为他们所属的阶级感到骄傲,结合首字母可知讲的是如果他们是工人阶级,他们为自己是工人阶级而感到自豪,be成为,实义动词,of是介词,后面用动词ing,所以用being,故填being。
64.句意:最热门的英语口音是:不要模仿别人的口音,但有时会根据不同的情况调整自己的口音。根据don't copy other people's accent, but sometimes adjust your own accent according to different situations不要模仿别人的口音,但有时会根据不同的情况调整自己的口音,结合首字母可知讲的是最热门的口音,hottest最热门的,形容词,修饰名词accent,故填hottest。
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